Japanese verb conjugator, all common forms
Enter a verb in dictionary form, in kanji or kana, and see every common form with its verb type.
Verb
食べるGodan verbs that look like ichidan
Forms
Enter a verb in dictionary form. You get the group and every form below.
Short answer
Enter a Japanese verb in dictionary form, in kanji or kana, and this conjugator shows its type and every common form: polite, negative, past, te, potential, passive, causative, imperative, volitional, conditional and tai. It handles godan, ichidan, する, 来る, 行く and honorific verbs. Japanese conjugation here is rule based, not guessed.
The three verb groups
Almost every verb falls into one of these groups. Knowing the group tells you the pattern.
| Group | Also called | Rule in short | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Godan | Group 1, u-verb | The final kana changes along the vowel row | 書く: 書きます, 書かない, 書いて |
| Ichidan | Group 2, ru-verb | Drop る and add the ending | 食べる: 食べます, 食べない, 食べて |
| Irregular | Group 3 | Only する and 来る (くる) | する: します, しない, して |
How to use the conjugator
- Type the dictionary form. Enter the plain form that ends in u, such as 食べる, たべる, 書く or 勉強する.
- Read the verb type. The page names the group and shows a note when the verb is an exception.
- Check the forms. Polite, negative, past, te, potential, passive, causative, causative passive, imperative, volitional, ba, tara and tai are listed.
- Override if needed. If a verb with kanji is classified wrongly, use the override toggle to force godan or ichidan.
Telling godan from ichidan
A verb that ends in a kana other than る is always godan: 書く, 話す, 読む, 買う. A verb ending in る is ichidan if the sound before it is in the い row or え row, such as 食べる and 見る, and godan if it is not, such as 取る and 分かる. Most verbs follow this.
The exceptions that look ichidan but are godan
A set of verbs end in iru or eru but conjugate as godan. Common ones are 帰る (かえる), 入る (はいる), 知る (しる), 走る (はしる), 切る (きる), 要る (いる), 減る (へる), 滑る (すべる) and 喋る (しゃべる). So 帰る becomes 帰ります and 帰らない, not 帰ない. Compounds follow the base verb, so 思い切る is godan too. Many words that sound the same are ichidan, for example 着る (きる, to wear) and 居る (いる, to be), so the written form matters. If the tool guesses wrong for a word, use the override.
Irregular and honorific verbs
する and 来る change in their own way, and a noun plus する, such as 勉強する, follows する. 行く is regular except in the te and ta forms: 行って and 行った, not 行いて. ある has the negative ない, not あらない. The honorific verbs いらっしゃる, くださる, なさる, おっしゃる and ござる are godan but take い instead of り before ます: いらっしゃいます and ください (the imperative of くださる).
Readings for kanji input
If you enter a verb with kanji, the page uses the dictionary to find its reading so it can decide the group. That downloads about 17 MB once and caches it. Kana input and the built-in list of common verbs work without it. After conjugating, you can put the forms into the sentence breakdown or add readings with the furigana converter.
Frequently asked questions
What forms does it show?
Polite, negative, past, past negative, te, potential, passive, causative, causative passive, imperative, volitional, ba conditional, tara conditional and tai. Each is shown in the same script you entered.
Why was my verb classed as godan when I expected ichidan?
Some verbs ending in iru or eru are godan, such as 帰る and 知る. The tool uses a list of those exceptions. If it still gets one wrong, use the override toggle.
Does it handle する verbs?
Yes. する and nouns plus する, such as 勉強する, conjugate like する. 来る and its kana form くる are supported too. Enter the noun and する together, for example 勉強する, and the page lists polite 勉強します, negative 勉強しない and the other forms.
Is it free?
Yes. The conjugator runs in your browser, has no limit, and does not use scan quota. There is no sign-up and no ads in the tool, and the verb list and rules are built into the page, so nothing is sent to a server.
Does it include keigo?
It covers honorific verbs with irregular forms: いらっしゃる, くださる, なさる, おっしゃる and ござる. It does not generate full keigo phrases from plain verbs. Polite and humble forms made from ordinary verbs, such as お書きになる, are not generated here.
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